Union Budget 2011: A Layman’s View

I wonder at the excitement being generated in the media about the Union Budget. To me it looks like a war of TRP rather than much analysis of the GDP!! :)

Moreover, as a personal finance evangelist, I also wonder why we are not excited about doing our own budgets while we enjoy discussing the Government’s budget. One reason I found is that while the Government can mint/print money, we can’t. And so we need to be limited by our resources and cannot make a wish list like the Government can afford to do!

To me, the Budget is a simple statement of income and expenses while making plans for the future. The future plans are a set of ideas and their execution is a totally different matter.

For example, the target fiscal deficit for FY12 is 4.6% and it was 5.1% for FY11. I just searched in my archive and found that the fiscal deficit targeted in the Feb 28, 2007 Budget was 3.8%. So it’s just a statement of intent, really!

One of the oft repeated term used is GDP. For example all the growth is measured in terms of GDP growth. Fiscal deficit targets are measured in percentage terms of GDP (target for 2006-07 was 3.8%) Gross Domestic Product, we all know. But I’ll probe a bit further to understand the budget better.

GDP is the monetary value of all the finished goods and services produced within a country in a specific time period. It includes all of private and public consumption, government outlays, investments and exports less imports that occur within a defined territory.

In a simple formula representation, GDP = Consumption+ Government Expenditure + Investments+ Net Exports. But it does not include Black money and that is why the existence of a parallel economy!

Now with the World Cup of Cricket going on, my mind is trying to find some parallels between GDP and Cricket!

The game has its components of batting, fielding, bowling and a certain attitude. Likewise the GDP has its components as mentioned above and is measured by relating to various sectors like Industry, Infrastructure, Services and Agriculture.

So while we are famed for our batting (services), have a positive attitude (Industry) and improving our bowling (Infrastructure), fielding (Agriculture) is an area of concern. There is a deceleration of agricultural growth in our country and while the other sectors are growing faster, the agriculture growth drags us down.

I would also expect him to bolster the bowling attack ( I mean the Infrastructure sector) where we have much scope of improvement.

But as I said earlier, talking about those ideas(Budgets) and implementing them on the field are two different ball games.

Ideas are cheap. Execution is always the key. What do you say?

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ULIPs: Between The Devil & Deep Sea?

The new ULIPs are far better for the customers especially when you have a long term view while getting into a ULIP contract. But what if you have bought the old ULIP with it’s high cost structure and want to come out of it?

My off-the-cuff reaction is to stay put as over a long term, the cost structure should come down, and you enjoy the benefits in the later years. But here’s a mail from Sriram that needs a detailed review.

I read your columns very often and find it very informative and practical.

Wanted a small piece of advise from you. I had started a ULIP plan with ICICI Prudential in 2007 (Lifetime super) where I paid an yearly premium of INR 60,000. Being not-so-financially-literate at that point of time, I opted for a plan which gave me a cover of only INR 3,00,000. I realised that this policy is neither helping me get a decent insurance cover nor allowing me the flexibility of investing allowed in mutual funds etc.

I therefore decided to not continue with payment of the premiums after the mandatory 3 years and instead allowed the amount to remain as a investment which will give me returns (just like a MF). I plan to take a seperate plain-vanilla Term Insurance plan and invest any surpluses in MFs.

My problem is this:
1. I can ‘foreclose’ my policy now where I will get the fund value of my investment (roughly amounting to INR 2,00,000 as on date) OR
2. Opt for a Cover continuance Option (where My investment will continue to earn returns)

In case 1, I understand the entire INR 2 lakhs will be taxed as ‘income’ (in my case at 30%). This will give me a net negative return and
In case 2, I will be charged an yearly fee of 4% for fund management. This is also not a good option for me since the only objective of retaining the funds in the policy is not for insurance but purely as an investment.

I called the customer service of ICICI Prudential twice to check this
particular point. They said it would be taxed but did not appear confident.

Please advise me on how I can close my investment in the most efficient way.

My response to his mail was that if you terminate the contract of insurance , your 80C deductions claimed in the past years is taxed as Income from other sources. However I don’t think the entire Rs 2 lacs will be added as income from other sources as payouts from insurance companies are exempt under sec 10 (10 D).

There would not be any capital gains anyway. Even though your investment of Rs 1.80 lacs has grown to Rs 2 lacs in three years, the indexation effect should take care of that increase. In fact the loss may well be set off!

Are there any tax experts that can corroborate this? I have a feeling that interpretations by ITOs will be inconsistent from officer to officer as some of them might equate ULIPs with Mutual Funds.

I need to check the 4% fund management charges that Sriram talks about. I guess he’s including the premium allocation charges and policy admin charges too. In any case, it seems too much.

Another takeaway from Sriram’s email is the information level of ICICI’s customer service.

Any such experiences? Any tax expert who can throw light on the tax treatment of ULIP surrenders?

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Implications of the Proposed DTC on ELSS & ULIPS

The revised discussion paper on DTC, has an effect of loss of tax immunity on the popular Equity Linked Savings Scheme (ELSS) and ULIPs.

Presently, the revised discussion paper, has mentioned only the following six schemes will be tax-free, thus enjoying the EEE status:
• Government Provident Fund (GPF)
• Public Provident Fund (PPF)
• Recognised Provident Funds (RPFs)
• New Pension Scheme (NPS) (administered by PFRDA)
• Approved pure life insurance products
• Annuity schemes

And the objective of doing so is to encourage taxpayers to invest in long-term savings schemes. The revised discussion paper has also said that the rules for contribution and withdrawal will be harmonised and made uniform so that savings are made by the taxpayer for the long term.

“ULIPs will be out of the Exempt, Exempt, Exempt (EEE) tax regime,” said a senior finance ministry official, referring to the different stages at which financial instruments may be taxed.

At present, like all insurance products, the returns earned by ULIPs are free of income tax. However, the returns from the investment part of these products is also tax-free simply because these products come in the garb of insurance.

I have read opinions in the media that the tax incentives of the ULIPs/ELSS should continue because they are popular and contribute to the infrastructure projects.

I don’t think it’s a valid argument in favour of giving tax incentives to these products. Because we have excellent products that give you enough tax incentives like the NPS and the PF. They need to be popularized in the interest of the ordinary investor.

What do you think? Should the tax incentive for the ULIPs and ELSS continue?

NPS Is The Best Investment Option!

When I posted my 88% solution to all your investment problems, there were a few protests. Like,

Sanjay comments, for example I think that Equity diversified funds should be in the list and NPS not on it. Dislike NPS due to EET treatment as well as the non flexibility of not being able to get all of my money back on maturity.

I responded by saying that:

The reason I like NPS is because of the low cost and that it takes care of your asset allocation needs and also locks up your money for your retirement. So if it doesn’t give you all the money back at maturity, it’s for a valid reason. The tax treatment is at too distant a future to affect our decisions, IMHO. Who knows what tax treatment will we have for our other investments in the future. If you look at their cost structure, it looks better than ETFs too!!
Equity diversified funds is highly recommended. But after you get your feet in the water and learn some swimming!! You need to identify the right equity fund, that suits your investment objective and has a decent fund manager. It’s not that easy.

Well, the reason I am writing this post is because of the new Direct Tax Code (DTC) and that they have given a thumbs up for the NPS.

The government has proposed to bring long-term savings schemes like the NPS under the EEE (exempt-exempt-exempt) regime.

At the same time, the government has sought to levy tax on capital gains arising from sale of investment assets such as equity shares of a listed company or units of an equity-oriented fund, which are held for more than one year.

So the DTC has given a boost to savings schemes like the New Pension Scheme (NPS) and Public Provident Fund (PPF) as compared to equities and equity-linked products.

Has the 88% solution worked up to become a 95% solution!! :)